Diabetes type 1 and diet
Video explanation of the various types of diabetes. Overview of the most significant symptoms of diabetes. Many type 1 diabetics are diagnosed when they present with diabetic ketoacidosis. The association of celiac disease with type 1 diabetes increases the risk of complications, such as retinopathy and mortality. Main article: Genetic causes of diabetes mellitus type 1. The strongest gene, IDDM1, is located in the MHC Class II region on chromosome 6, at staining region 6p21. Some chemicals and drugs selectively destroy pancreatic cells. The pathophysiology in diabetes type 1 is a destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, regardless of which risk factors or causative entities have been present. Individual risk factors can have separate pathophysiological processes to, in turn, cause this beta cell destruction. See also: Glycated hemoglobin and Glucose tolerance test. The diagnosis of other types of diabetes is usually made in other ways. These include ordinary health screening, detection of hyperglycemia during other medical investigations, and secondary symptoms such as vision changes or unexplained fatigue. Diabetes is often detected when a person suffers a problem that may be caused by diabetes, such as a heart attack, stroke, neuropathy, poor wound healing or a foot ulcer, certain eye problems, certain fungal infections, or delivering a baby with macrosomia or hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). A positive result, in the absence of unequivocal hyperglycemia, should be confirmed by a repeat of any of the above-listed methods on a different day. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, while type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency, generally without insulin resistance. Another hallmark of type 1 diabetes is islet autoreactivity, which is generally measured by the presence of autoantibodies directed towards the beta cells.
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